Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences Epidemiology and Health System Journal 2980-7891 12 1 2025 06 07 Adaptation and Validation of a Translated Questionnaire Assessing Public Awareness, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Antibiotic Use in Malaysia 8 13 10.34172/ehsj.26316 EN Muhammad Kamil Che Hasan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9449-4264 Mohd Khairul Zul Hasymi Firdaus https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2549-3265 Nik Noor Kaussar Nik Mohd Hatta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2566-399X Thandar Soe Sumaiyah Jamaludin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3977-0470 Nur Ain Mahat https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2675-7431 Zulkhairul Naim Sidek Ahmad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0608-7528 Efta Triastuti https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3085-9970 Kow Fang Fang https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9395-4323 Shidqiyyah Abdul-Hamid https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1767-838X Journal Article 10.34172/ehsj.26316 2024 11 30 2025 02 03 Background and aims: Antibiotic misuse is an escalating global health concern, especially in Malaysia, resulting in increased resistance and significant public health challenges. Understanding the public’s awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (AKAP) regarding antibiotic use is essential for implementing effective interventions. Therefore, this study aimed to adapt and validate a questionnaire derived from existing tools and translated from English to Malay to assess the AKAP related to antibiotic use among the Malaysian public. Methods: The questionnaire underwent forward and backward translation to ensure cultural relevance and linguistic accuracy. Content validity was assessed using the content validity index (CVI) based on evaluations conducted by six experts with backgrounds in public health, pharmacy, nursing education, and nursing practice. These experts reviewed the relevance, clarity, and appropriateness of each item. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 50 individuals in Pahang, Malaysia, to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire. Participants were selected through convenience sampling, emphasizing the inclusion of individuals from diverse age groups, educational backgrounds, and occupations to ensure community representation. Reliability testing was performed using the Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20). Results: The CVI for all the developed questionnaire items indicated strong content validity, with item-level CVI (I-CVI) scores exceeding 0.83 for the translated questionnaire. Additionally, the KR-20 analyses demonstrated good internal consistency, with KR-20 scores greater than 0.7, thereby confirming the questionnaire’s suitability for use within the target population. Conclusion: The adapted Malay-language questionnaire revealed acceptable levels of validity, indicating that it is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing antibiotic use among the Malaysian public, particularly within the Malay-speaking population.