Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences Epidemiology and Health System Journal 2980-7891 11 1 2024 03 29 The Relationship Between Egg Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the Shahrekord Cohort Study 36 42 10.34172/ehsj.26069 EN Atefeh Ghafari https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9441-6729 Rezvan Arash https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3373-430X Tina Jafari https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7262-0135 Ali Ahmadi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7711-2508 Elahe Tavassoli https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0839-2040 Ali Delgarm Shams Abadi https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6839-4857 Journal Article 10.34172/ehsj.26069 2023 10 09 2024 03 15 Background and aims: Diabetes is a common non-communicable and metabolic disease, and its prevalence is predicted to double by 2045. It is also a significant risk factor for cardiovascular complications and mortality. The study investigated the association between egg consumption and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a cohort of Iranian adults. Methods: This study compared 261 cases of T2D with 261 controls matched for age and features and assessed their dietary intake using a food frequency questionnaire. The inclusion criterion involved the absence of concurrent chronic diseases apart from T2D. Results: Based on the results, the participants’ average age was 53.32 years, with a slightly higher proportion of females in both groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that increased consumption of eggs is associated with a diminished risk of developing T2D (P=0.01). Conclusion: The study suggests that egg consumption may have beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity, and regional and genetic differences may influence the relationship between egg consumption and T2D. It calls for further longitudinal and interventional studies to confirm the findings.